The indicator is a pressure indicator. It shows the use of freshwater resources (surface and groundwater) to meet the demand for drinking water and the water needs of industry and agriculture. Water consumption is the indicator of the pressure on freshwater bodies.
According to the DSI data, the sectoral water consumption for 2020 is 44 billion m3;for irrigation (percent 76.8), 13.30 billion m3; (percent 23.2) for drinking water supply, use and industry, and the total water consumption (40.7 billion m3; above ground, 16.60 billion m3; and groundwater use) is 57.30 billion m340.
Based on TURKSTAT data, in 2018, 17.5 billion m3; of water was abstracted from water resources and distributed through potable/service water networks in municipalities and villages for use by manufacturing industry workplaces, thermal power plants, Organized Industrial Zones (OIZs), and mining companies. Of this, 9.5 billion m3; of this amount was abstracted for cooling purposes. In 2020, a total of 18.2 billion m3; of water was abstracted from water resources, ofwhich 9.8 billion m3; was abstracted for cooling purposes.[41].
TABLE 10- AMOUNT OF WATER ABSTRACTED FROM WATER RESOURCES ACCORDING TO ITS
USAGE (billion m3/year)
|
Years |
2008 |
2010 |
2012 |
2014 |
2016 |
2018 |
2020 |
|
Municipalities |
4.55 |
4.78 |
4.94 |
5.23 |
5.83 |
6.19 |
6.49 |
|
Villages |
1.22 |
1.01 |
1.04 |
0.43 |
0.38 |
0.39 |
0.42 |
|
Manufacturing Industry Workplaces |
1.31 |
1.56 |
1.79 |
2.20 |
2.12 |
2.68 |
2.60 |
|
Thermal Power Plants |
4.54 |
4.27 |
6.40 |
6.53 |
8.61 |
7.87 |
8.28 |
|
Organized Industrial Zones |
0.11 |
0.11 |
0.14 |
0.14 |
0.15 |
0.16 |
0.18 |
|
Mining Facilities |
… (*) |
0.05 |
0.11 |
0.21 |
0.23 |
0.24 |
0.27 |
|
Irrigation |
33.77 |
38.15 |
41,55 |
35.85 |
43.06 |
43.95 |
44.0 |
|
Total |
|
49.95 |
55.96 |
50.59 |
60.38 |
61.48 |
62.24 |
(*) No available information.
Note: TURKSTAT data includes seawater consumption.
Sources: For “irrigation” values, the source is the amount of surface and groundwater taken from the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry General Directorate of State Hydraulic Works (DSI), http:// www.dsi.gov.tr/dsi-resmi-ista- tistikler.
For other data; TURKSTAT “Sectoral Water and Wastewater Statistics, 2020” Newsletter
GRAPH 29- WATER CONSUMPTION BY SECTORS, (2010-2020)
The water exploitation index (WEI) is determined by dividing the average annual total amount of water abstracted from freshwater by the average annual renewable freshwater resources of a country. It is expressed as a percentage.
The average annual precipitation in Turkey is 574 mm, which corresponds to an annual water volume of 450 billion m3 in the country. Under today’s technical and economic conditions, the surface water potential that can be consumed for various purposes averages 94 billion m3 per year. Together with the groundwater potential, which was determined to be 18 billion m3, the consumable surface and underground water potential of our country is 112 billion m3 per year, of which 57 billion m3 is used. The annual amount of usable water per capita in our country was 1652 m3 in 2000, 1544 m3 in 2009 and 1346 m3 in 2020[42].
