/

Primary energy intensity is the response, and final energy intensity is the driving force indicator. A reduction in indicator values means an improvement in energy efficiency. Primary energy intensity is an energy efficiency indicator that measures how much energy is needed to produce one unit of Gross National Product (GNP) at the regional and national levels. If the amount of energy required refers to the total energy provided in the country that has not been transformed, it is called primary energy intensity, while if the amount of energy required refers to the energy final consumption in sectors such as industry, housing, and transport, it is called final energy intensity. The trend in energy intensity is influenced by factors such as structural change in the economy and industry, changes in the energy consumption structure, productivity development of sectors, and the devices and equipment preferred by end users.

Turkey’s primary energy intensity in 2019 decreased by 24.7% compared to 2000 and was calculated at 0.114 toe/thousand 2010$. This value is 0.115 toe/thousand 2010$ for 2018, well below the world average of 0.172 toe/thousand 2010$, but above the OECD average (0.102 toe/thousand 2010$). The average primary energy intensity of the European Union countries is 0.083 toe/thousand 2010$, better than the OECD and Turkey.

The final energy intensity was realized in 2019 at the level of 0.088 toe/thousand 2010$. In relation to this value, an improvement was achieved with a decrease of 25.5% compared to 2000.

GRAPH 133- PRIMARY AND FINAL ENERGY INTENSITY BY YEARS (Climate Corrected)

Source: Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources, Department of Energy Efficiency and Environment,2021

GRAPH 134- SECTORAL FINAL ENERGY INTENSITIES BY YEARS

Source: Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources, Department of Energy Efficiency and Environment,2021

Looking at the energy intensity of the main sectors, the industrial sector stands out as the most energy-intensive sector, as expected. It is followed by the agriculture, transport, services, and housing sectors, respectively. Over the 2015–2019 period, although there is a significant decrease in the industry, services, and housing sectors, the transport sector is relatively stagnant, while an increasing trend is observed in the agriculture sector103.

The National Energy Efficiency Action Plan, prepared under the coordination of the Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources and covering the period 2017-2023, entered into force in 2017 and has been implemented since then. It is calculated that a total of USD 4.8 billion was invested in energy efficiency during 2017-2020, resulting in cumulative energy savings of 3.19 Mtoe, equivalent to USD 1.1 billion in monetary value. Under the NEE Action Plan, the cumulative realization rate of the 2017-2020 targets is 97%.