This indicator is a driving force indicator. While total primary energy produced in Turkey in 1990 was 25.138 Mtoe, this figure increased to 44.821 Mtoe in 2019. From 1990 to 2019, the increase in total primary energy production is 78%.^[100]

GRAPH 128- PRIMARY ENERGY PRODUCTION BY THE YEARS (Mtoe)

Source: Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources,2021, https://enerji.gov.tr/enerji-isleri-genel-mudurlugu-den- ge-tablolari

GRAPH 129-DISTRIBUTION OF PRIMARY ENERGY PRODUCTION BY RESOURCES (Mtoe and %) IN 2019

Source: Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources,2021, https://enerji.gov.tr/enerji-isleri-genel-mudurlugu-den- ge-tablolari

Electricity generation by resources;

In Turkey the total electricity generation was 303.9 TWh in 2019. The total electricity generation of Turkey increased by 428% compared to 1990, 88% compared to 2005 but decreased by 0.3% compared to 2018.

In Turkey, the breakdown of total electricity generation in 2019 shows that the share of solid fuels was 37%, natural gas 19%, hydro 29% and other renewable energy sources 15%. In 1990, it was 35% for solid fuels, 18% for natural gas, 7% for liquid fuels and 40% for hydro.

GRAPH 130- TOTAL ELECTRICITY GENERATION BY SECTORS (TWh)

Source: Turkey Electricity Production-Transmission 2019 Statistics, https://www.teias.gov.tr/tr-TR/turkiye-elektrik-u- retim-i- letim-istatistikleri,2021